According to the National Institute of Mental Health, an estimated 9.1% of adults in the United States have at least one personality disorder, making them among the most prevalent yet underdiagnosed conditions in psychiatry. They are real, diagnosable medical conditions, not character flaws, manipulative behaviors, or simply “difficult” personalities. They involve deeply ingrained patterns of thinking, feeling, and relating to others that cause significant distress and impair functioning across multiple areas of life.
At PsychBright Health, our board-certified psychiatrists approach personality disorders with clinical expertise and genuine compassion. We understand how profoundly these conditions affect the people who live with them, and how much is possible with the right treatment and support. Whether you are in Los Angeles or anywhere else in California, we are here to help.
A personality disorder is a pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of a person’s culture, is pervasive and inflexible, begins in adolescence or early adulthood, is stable over time, and leads to distress or impairment. These patterns affect how a person thinks about themselves and others, manages emotions, relates to people, and controls impulses.
Personality disorders are not simply “bad moods” or temporary reactions to stress, they represent enduring ways of experiencing the world that, while often rooted in early life experiences, can be meaningfully addressed with appropriate treatment.
The DSM-5 organizes personality disorders into three clusters. Our psychiatrists are experienced in evaluating and treating conditions across all three:
Cluster A — Odd or Eccentric Patterns
Paranoid Personality Disorder
Pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of others, interpreting motives as malevolent without sufficient basis. Leads to significant difficulty maintaining relationships and functioning in social or work environments.
Schizoid Personality Disorder
Detachment from social relationships and a restricted range of emotional expression. Individuals often prefer solitary activities and have little interest in close relationships.
Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Marked discomfort with close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions, and eccentric behavior. Often includes magical thinking or unusual perceptual experiences that cause distress.
Cluster B — Dramatic, Emotional, or Erratic Patterns
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)
Characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affect, as well as marked impulsivity. BPD involves intense fear of abandonment, emotional dysregulation, identity disturbance, and in some cases self-harm or suicidal behavior. BPD responds well to specialized psychotherapy, particularly Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT).
Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD)
A pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy that significantly impacts relationships. Often co-occurs with depression and anxiety, particularly when external validation is unavailable.
Histrionic Personality Disorder
Excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behavior that causes significant distress in relationships and social functioning.
Antisocial Personality Disorder (ASPD)
A persistent pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others, beginning in childhood or early adolescence. Associated with significant interpersonal and legal consequences.
Cluster C — Anxious or Fearful Patterns
Avoidant Personality Disorder
Social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation that leads to significant avoidance of social situations despite a genuine desire for connection. Often co-occurs with social anxiety disorder.
Dependent Personality Disorder
Excessive need to be taken care of, leading to submissive and clinging behavior and intense fear of separation. Difficulty making everyday decisions without reassurance from others.
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD)
A preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control that comes at the expense of flexibility, openness, and efficiency. Distinct from OCD, which involves intrusive thoughts and compulsive rituals.
Personality disorders manifest differently depending on the type, but common patterns across disorders include:
Personality disorders are diagnosed through a thorough psychiatric evaluation that assesses the pervasiveness, inflexibility, and duration of personality patterns and their impact on functioning. A psychiatrist reviews symptom history, interpersonal patterns, early life experiences, and co-occurring conditions.
Diagnostic criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) are used to identify the specific disorder or disorders present. It is important to note that personality disorders frequently co-occur with other conditions, including depression, anxiety, PTSD, substance use disorders, and eating disorders, and these must be evaluated and treated as part of a comprehensive plan.
An accurate diagnosis requires time, thoroughness, and clinical skill, and it is the foundation of an effective treatment plan.
Personality disorders develop from a complex interaction of genetic, neurobiological, and environmental factors, particularly early life experiences.
Many people with personality disorders are not aware they have one, the patterns feel like “just who they are” rather than a diagnosable condition. Others may have received a diagnosis but not found effective treatment. You should consider speaking with a psychiatrist if:
If any of these resonate with you, a psychiatric evaluation is a strong next step.
At PsychBright Health, we approach personality disorder treatment with thoroughness, patience, and genuine respect for the complexity of these conditions. We understand that effective treatment takes time, and that the therapeutic relationship itself is one of the most important tools in the process. Our psychiatrists build individualized treatment plans that address both the personality disorder and any co-occurring conditions.
Every patient begins with a thorough psychiatric evaluation to accurately diagnose the personality disorder, identify co-occurring conditions, and understand the patient’s history, patterns, and goals. This evaluation informs a treatment plan tailored to the specific disorder and the individual’s circumstances.
While there are no medications specifically approved to treat personality disorders, targeted medication can meaningfully reduce specific symptoms, such as emotional dysregulation, impulsivity, depression, anxiety, or perceptual disturbances, that make daily functioning and engagement in therapy more difficult.
Learn more about our Psychiatric Medication Management.
Psychotherapy is the cornerstone of personality disorder treatment. The most evidence-based approaches include:
While our role is psychiatric evaluation and medication management, we work collaboratively with your therapist or can provide referrals to therapists experienced in personality disorder treatment across California.
Some patients with personality disorders also experience significant depression or anxiety. Learn more about our Depression Treatment and Anxiety Treatment.
Consistent lifestyle habits support emotional regulation and reduce vulnerability to mood episodes and crisis states. We incorporate guidance on exercise, sleep hygiene, stress management, and healthy relationship practices into every treatment plan.
Personality disorder treatment is a long-term process. We provide regular follow-up appointments, in-person or via Telepsychiatry to monitor progress, manage medications, and provide consistent support over time.
We offer secure, HIPAA-compliant video appointments for patients throughout California, making it possible to receive consistent psychiatric care regardless of location.
PsychBright Health brings together board-certified psychiatrists experienced in diagnosing and treating the full range of personality disorders, same-week availability for most patients within 5 business days, and telepsychiatry available to any California resident. We accept Aetna, Blue Shield, UHC, Cigna, Anthem, Medicare, and Medicare Advantage, including Medicare Advantage plans that many psychiatric practices do not accept. Treatment plans address both the personality disorder and any co-occurring conditions simultaneously, and we coordinate directly with your therapist or provide referrals to therapists experienced in DBT, schema therapy, and other evidence-based approaches. Bilingual care in Spanish is also available.
Effective personality disorder treatment can lead to profound, lasting change. Patients who engage in appropriate psychiatric care and therapy report significant improvements in emotional stability, relationship quality, impulse control, and self-understanding. The crises that once felt inevitable become less frequent and less severe. Relationships become more stable and fulfilling. The sense of emptiness or identity confusion that many experience begins to resolve.
Personality disorders are not life sentences. With the right treatment and support, meaningful change is absolutely possible, and many people go on to build the stable, connected lives they always wanted.
Yes. While personality disorders were historically considered difficult to treat, substantial research over the past few decades has demonstrated that specialized therapies, particularly DBT for BPD and schema therapy for other personality disorders, produce meaningful and lasting improvement. Many patients achieve significant reduction in symptoms and improved functioning with appropriate treatment. Personality disorders are not life sentences.
Borderline Personality Disorder and bipolar disorder both involve mood instability but are distinct conditions. BPD mood shifts are typically triggered by interpersonal events and resolve within hours. Bipolar mood episodes last days to weeks and follow a more autonomous course independent of external triggers. A thorough psychiatric evaluation is essential for accurate diagnosis, as the treatments differ significantly and using the wrong approach can make symptoms worse.
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder involves a pervasive preoccupation with perfectionism, orderliness, and control that the person typically experiences as a positive trait and a core part of who they are. OCD involves intrusive, unwanted thoughts and compulsive rituals performed to reduce anxiety that the person typically recognizes as foreign to themselves. The two conditions are distinct in cause, presentation, and treatment approach, though they can co-occur.
Medication does not treat the personality disorder itself, but it can significantly reduce specific symptoms such as emotional dysregulation, impulsivity, depression, or anxiety that interfere with daily functioning and engagement in therapy. Mood stabilizers such as lamotrigine, SSRIs, and low-dose atypical antipsychotics are among the options used depending on the symptom profile. Medication is most effective as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that includes psychotherapy.
Personality disorder treatment is typically longer-term than treatment for other conditions, reflecting the deeply ingrained nature of the patterns being addressed. Many patients see meaningful improvement within months, with continued gains over years of consistent treatment. DBT programs typically run 12 months or longer. The timeline varies depending on the type and severity of the disorder, co-occurring conditions, and the patient’s engagement in treatment.
Your first appointment is a comprehensive psychiatric evaluation, typically 45 to 60 minutes. Your psychiatrist will review your symptom history, relationship and behavioral patterns, early life experiences, any prior diagnoses or treatment, and your current goals. Personality disorder diagnosis requires thoroughness and cannot be rushed. Some patients receive a preliminary assessment at the first visit and return for a follow-up to complete the evaluation. Medication is not automatically prescribed at the first visit. Bring a list of any current medications and any prior psychiatric records if available.
Many people with personality disorders have had therapy experiences that were not specifically tailored to their condition. General supportive therapy or CBT alone is often insufficient for personality disorders. Specialized approaches such as DBT, schema therapy, and mentalization-based therapy are significantly more effective. If previous treatment has not worked, it is worth discussing what was tried and whether a more specialized approach might be appropriate. Our psychiatrists can help evaluate this and guide you toward the right combination of treatment.
No. These are harmful stereotypes that have no clinical basis. BPD is a medical condition rooted in early experiences and neurobiological factors. Behaviors that may appear manipulative, such as emotional outbursts or self-harm, are expressions of extreme emotional pain and difficulty regulating intense feelings, not intentional strategies. At PsychBright Health, we approach BPD and all personality disorders with clinical accuracy and without stigma.
Yes. All psychiatric care at PsychBright Health is protected under HIPAA. Your employer cannot access your psychiatric records without your written consent. Your family members cannot access them either unless you authorize it. The only circumstances under which information may be shared without consent involve a serious, imminent risk of harm to yourself or others. Your privacy is protected by federal law.
Yes. We offer secure, HIPAA-compliant video appointments for patients across California for evaluation, medication management, and follow-up care. Telepsychiatry makes consistent psychiatric support accessible regardless of where you are in California.
Yes. PsychBright Health accepts Aetna, Blue Shield, UHC, Cigna, Anthem, Medicare, and Medicare Advantage. Call (213) 584-2331 to confirm your specific coverage before your first appointment.
Most patients are seen within 5 business days. Request an appointment online or call (213) 584-2331 and our team will follow up within one business day.
You do not have to keep living with patterns that cause pain and hold you back. Our experienced psychiatric team is ready to provide a thorough evaluation, an accurate diagnosis, and a compassionate, evidence-based treatment plan.
Schedule an appointment with a board-certified psychiatrist at PsychBright Health today. Telepsychiatry appointments are available across California.
Request an appointment online or call (213) 584-2331.
1180 S Beverly Dr #700, Los Angeles, CA 90035 · Monday–Friday, 8:00 AM–5:00 PM
Take the first step toward better relationships and improved quality of life with expert psychiatric care.
Schedule Consultation